Understanding Autism: Embracing Truths with Awareness and Support

Celebrating Neurodiversity

As many of you already know, we are an autism family. I am a very passionate parent when it comes to the advocacy of autism awareness and the special needs community. I feel that it’s only right to start off the month of April, Autism Awareness Month, with a brief overview of autism and its impacts. Let’s start with defining autism.

Autism, also referred to as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a developmental condition characterized by differences in communication, social interaction, and behavior. Understanding and supporting individuals with autism is crucial for fostering inclusivity, acceptance, and meaningful progress in their lives. This blog will explore the definition of autism, its diagnosis statistics, early interventions, therapeutic approaches, educational and community support, co-occurring health issues, and ways people can advocate for those on the autism spectrum.

What is Autism?

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) encompasses a range of neurodevelopmental conditions with varying levels of severity. Key characteristics include challenges with social communication, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests. The term “spectrum” reflects the wide variation in abilities and needs among individuals with autism.

ASD is typically diagnosed in early childhood, though signs can appear as early as infancy. While the exact cause remains unclear, a combination of genetic and environmental factors is believed to contribute to its development.

Autism Diagnosis Statistics

 

According to recent estimates by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):

• About 1 in 36 children in the United States is diagnosed with autism.

• Boys are four times more likely to be diagnosed than girls. 

• Autism occurs across all racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups.

  
  

The growing awareness and refined diagnostic criteria have contributed to the increase in reported cases over the years.

The Importance of Early Intervention

Early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve outcomes for children with autism. Developmental screenings during routine pediatric visits play a vital role in identifying early signs. If autism is suspected, a comprehensive evaluation by a developmental pediatrician, psychologist, or neurologist is recommended.

Early intervention programs often include:

"does my child need an IEP"

• Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA): Focuses on teaching social, communication, and daily living skills. As my daughter enters high school, we are becoming more focused on ABA to help her become accustomed to daily living routines as a young adult.

  
  

• Speech and Language Therapy: Helps improve communication abilities. There is a very crucial early intervention tool because many on the spectrum have speech and language delays. This can greatly improve the outcomes for children with autism. My daughter has received speech and language therapies since starting preschool at the age of two. I was once told that she would be nonverbal and wouldn’t be able to communicate effectively. I am happy to say that she is one of the most talkative people in the room when she’s comfortable around people. I know that her speech and language therapies played a vital role in her language goals and achievements.

  
  

• Occupational Therapy: Addresses sensory integration, fine motor skills, and daily living tasks. Fine motor skills are often lacking in individuals with autism; however, they can be obtained with occupational therapies. Kayla Bean received occupational therapy up until the 6th grade year. At that point in time, it was determined that it was no longer needed. However, we would keep the door open just in case she regressed and needed additional help. So far, she’s doing great.

  
  

• Developmental Play Therapy: Encourages social interaction through structured play. This is a great early intervention tool. Many individuals on the spectrum tend to be antisocial and have extreme trouble interacting with others. Development play therapies help them with those social struggles. Kayla Bean was always the one child who would stay off to herself and just watch what everyone else is doing. Although she is still a bit timid at first, she is now able to introduce herself to a group of people and participate briefly in activities. However, she still prefers her personal space and alone time.

  
  

• Therapeutic Support: Therapies tailored to individual needs can greatly enhance the quality of life for individuals with autism. In addition to the therapies mentioned above, assistive technologies, such as communication devices, can support nonverbal individuals.

  
  

• Educational Support: Educational support is equally vital. Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) are designed to address each child’s unique learning requirements in public schools. Inclusive classrooms and specialized educators ensure that children with autism receive the tools they need to succeed. I can’t express enough how important it is to have an effective IEP in place for your child. It is one of the greatest educational tools you will have as a parent with a child on the spectrum. IEPs are legally binding contracts, and they must be taken seriously. There are steps to create an IEP and it takes a team (parents, guardians, caregivers, educators, doctors and therapists) to create an effective one. If you would like more information on IEPs, please view my blog title, Does My Child Need an IEP or a 504 Plan? A Personal Guide to Preparing for an IEP. It gives a greater understanding on how to navigate through an IEP.

Community Support and Inclusion

Community-based programs and autism support organizations provide families with resources, networking opportunities, and a sense of belonging. Recreational activities, support groups, and vocational training can empower individuals with autism to lead fulfilling lives.

Local and national organizations, such as Autism Speaks and the Autism Society, offer valuable resources for families and advocates.

Additional Health Issues Associated with Autism

 

Individuals with autism often experience co-occurring conditions, including:

• Anxiety and Depression: Mental health challenges are common in adolescents and adults with autism. Anxiety and depression are unfortunately a common co-occurring health condition with individuals on the spectrum. Therapies are a great way to help combat these issues.

  
  

• Seizure Disorders: Approximately 20-30% of individuals with autism may develop epilepsy.

  
  

• Gastrointestinal Issues: Many individuals experience digestive problems.

  
  

• Sleep Disorders: Insomnia and other sleep difficulties frequently occur.

  
  

Effective management of these conditions requires coordinated care involving medical and therapeutic professionals.

How to Support and Advocate

"Value the voices and experiences of individuals with autism and their families."

Supporting individuals with autism involves understanding, patience, and proactive efforts to create inclusive environments. Here are some ways you can help:

• Educate Yourself and Others: Learn about autism to dispel myths and promote understanding. Educate! Educate! Educate! The more you know, the more you understand. The more you understand, the better you can support. Education on autism is the key.

  
  

• Advocate for Policies: Support legislation that ensures access to healthcare, education, and workplace accommodation. Be a voice for those who haven’t found their voices yet! I haven’t stopped advocating for my Kayla Bean and others in the special needs community, and I will not stop advocating for them. Advocates are needed and appreciated.

  
  

• Volunteer: Assist local autism organizations or participate in community events.

  
  

• Promote Inclusion: Encourage inclusive practices in schools, workplaces, and social settings.

  
  

• Listen and Respect: Value the voices and experiences of individuals with autism and their families. Never dull another’s voice. Allow them to be heard. Remember, they are becoming their best advocate.

References

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Data

2. Autism Speaks: Early Intervention and Therapies

3. Autism Society: Community Resources and Advocacy

4. American Academy of Pediatrics: Guidelines for Developmental Screening

Raising awareness and providing robust support systems can make a world of difference for individuals with autism and their families. Let us work together to create a more inclusive and supportive society for everyone.

Daphne Oh